Basics & operators3 / 67

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Absolute reference $: price including VAT

Mrs. Lestari runs a building supply store in Sidoarjo. The prices in her list exclude VAT (PPN), and she keeps the VAT rate in a single cell (F2). If the rate changes, she only has to change that one number.

Task

In C2:C7, calculate the price including VAT: price × (1 + VAT rate). Take the rate from cell F2 using an absolute reference ($F$2), write the formula in C2, then copy it down to C7.

Cells to fillC2:C7

Expected result

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Hint 1
When a formula is copied down, a normal reference shifts too: F2 becomes F3, F4, and so on, which are all empty.
Hint 2
The $ sign locks the column and the row: $F$2 always points to F2 on any row. Press F4 while the cursor is on the reference to add it.
Hint 3
Pattern for C2: =B2*(1+…) with the rate cell locked.

Reveal them one at a time. The last hint nearly gives the answer away.

Give it a try first. The solution unlocks automatically after your first check.

Answer

C2:C7

=B2*(1+$F$2)

Write it in C2, then fill down to C7.

Explanation

=B2*(1+$F$2) in C2 becomes =B3*(1+$F$2) when copied to C3: B shifts because it is relative, while F2 stays because it is absolute. Without $, C3 uses the empty F3, so the price does not increase at all. Keeping the rate in one cell also makes changes easy: update F2 and every price recalculates.

Starting worksheet: Sheet1
Row	A	B	C	E	F
1	Item	Price	Price + VAT
2	Cement 50 kg	68,000		VAT rate	11%
3	Wall paint 5 kg	145,000
4	Nails 1 kg	22,000
5	PVC pipe 3 inch	95,000
6	Tiles 40x40 (box)	72,000
7	Electric cable 50 m	385,000
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Fill in the requested cell, then press Check answer.

Validation result